Faculty of Administrative and Financial Sciences-Al-Wataniya Private University
Economic Engineering of Syria’s Housing System
Introduction:
The housing crisis in Syria represents one of the most entrenched economic consequences of the former political regime. It intertwines urban and social dimensions with the failure of national economic policies. The absence of a coherent housing strategy for decades, compounded by widespread destruction of housing units, has transformed housing from a basic human right into a prerequisite for socioeconomic development. Nearly one-third of residential units in Syrian cities have been destroyed, signaling long-term structural implications for population and economic balance.
Diagnosing the Roots of the Crisis:
Economic Challenges:
Regulatory and Legislative Issues:
Table 1: Demographic and Housing Indicators (Mid-2025)
Indicator | Figures | Source |
Total Population | 25.62 million | Worldometer (mid-2025) |
Annual Population Growth | +947,667 (3.84%) | Demographic Estimates (2025) |
Destroyed/Damaged Buildings | 470,000+ | World Bank (2022) |
Returnees (2024–2025) | 1.7 million | UNHCR (July 2025) |
House Renovation Cost | 50 million SYP (~$4,545) | UNHCR (2023) |
Annual Housing Demand | 100,000+ units | Syrian Central Bank (July 2025) |
Reconstruction Cost | $110 billion (housing only) | Ammar Youssef (April 2025) |
Social Impact:
International Models of Housing Recovery:
Country | Policy | Results | Lessons for Syria |
New Zealand | Land re-zoning for vertical housing | Increased supply, lower prices | Update urban planning models |
Mexico | Rental subsidies over ownership | Rental market stability | Promote sustainable rental culture |
Colorado | Removed parking space requirements | 30% reduction in construction costs | Simplify building regulations |
Japan | Flexible zoning (industrial, agri., residential) | Stable prices despite density | Encourage urban design flexibility |
Economic Strategy for Recovery:
Conclusion:
Syria’s housing crisis marks a critical turning point in its post-war economic and social recovery. Housing must be redefined as a fundamental human right rather than a speculative commodity. A comprehensive strategy that integrates justice, innovation, and urban planning is essential for building a sustainable environment where Syrians can reclaim their dignity and stability.
It was established in 2007 and includes six colleges: