{"id":3237,"date":"2024-07-02T08:14:35","date_gmt":"2024-07-02T08:14:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/?p=3237"},"modified":"2024-11-27T09:58:05","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T09:58:05","slug":"%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b2%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ab-%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%83%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b2%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ab-%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%83%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b (\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3237\" class=\"elementor 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href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-90\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-90\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-9\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-9\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%ab-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<span role=\"button\" class=\"dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\" aria-haspopup=\"true\"><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-110\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-110\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AB-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-111\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-111\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AB-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-112\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-112\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AB-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-114\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-114\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AB-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-10\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-10\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a<span role=\"button\" class=\"dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\" aria-haspopup=\"true\"><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-115\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-115\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-116\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-116\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-11\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b7%d9%86\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a<span role=\"button\" class=\"dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\" aria-haspopup=\"true\"><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-117\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-117\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629-\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644-\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629-\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<span role=\"button\" class=\"dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\" aria-haspopup=\"true\"><\/span><\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-776\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-776\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/%d8%a3%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%84-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%af%d9%84%d8%a9\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-777\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-777\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/%d8%a3%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%84-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%86\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-778\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-778\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644-\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644-\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-780\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-780\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644-\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644-\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629-\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u062a\u0635\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 (\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a )<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-781\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-781\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644-\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644-\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-779\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-779\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644-\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644-\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0648-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-118\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-118\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%86\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-119\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-119\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-14\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-12\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-1710\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1710\"><a href=\"#pll_switcher\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>                <button class=\"eael-simple-menu-toggle\">\n                    <span class=\"sr-only \">Hamburger Toggle Menu<\/span>\n                    <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-bars\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M16 132h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16V76c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16C7.163 60 0 67.163 0 76v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16zm0 160h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16v-40c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16c-8.837 0-16 7.163-16 16v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16zm0 160h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16v-40c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16c-8.837 0-16 7.163-16 16v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16z\"><\/path><\/svg>                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n            \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d4e59c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d4e59c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d12052d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d12052d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-113fc8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"113fc8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc07c03 elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"dc07c03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-dot-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.033 8 8 119.033 8 256s111.033 248 248 248 248-111.033 248-248S392.967 8 256 8zm80 248c0 44.112-35.888 80-80 80s-80-35.888-80-80 35.888-80 80-80 80 35.888 80 80z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-dot-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.033 8 8 119.033 8 256s111.033 248 248 248 248-111.033 248-248S392.967 8 256 8zm80 248c0 44.112-35.888 80-80 80s-80-35.888-80-80 35.888-80 80-80 80 35.888 80 80z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-dot-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.033 8 8 119.033 8 256s111.033 248 248 248 248-111.033 248-248S392.967 8 256 8zm80 248c0 44.112-35.888 80-80 80s-80-35.888-80-80 35.888-80 80-80 80 35.888 80 80z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-dot-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.033 8 8 119.033 8 256s111.033 248 248 248 248-111.033 248-248S392.967 8 256 8zm80 248c0 44.112-35.888 80-80 80s-80-35.888-80-80 35.888-80 80-80 80 35.888 80 80z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d49bf63 elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"d49bf63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.wpu.edu.sy\/?page_id=6303&#038;lang=ar\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-06-30-at-3.33.21-PM-150x150.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-3254\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/library.wpu.edu.sy\/?page_id=6303&#038;lang=ar\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628: \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0639\u064a <\/a><\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">\n<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b4db2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7b4db2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c43f5c elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4c43f5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629-\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f15e95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"9f15e95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36849dc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"36849dc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-146f397 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"146f397\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b (\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-451d754 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"451d754\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li><strong> \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p>\u0633\u0646\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 () .<\/p><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b, \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629, \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649.\u00a0<\/p><ol start=\"2\"><li><strong> \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629:<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b (\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 Clapeyron) \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0645\u064a (\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629, \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629, \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (1).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-513ec69 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"513ec69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"284\" height=\"112\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-3241\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff27bfd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ff27bfd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (2).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9917d86 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9917d86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"284\" height=\"90\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-3242\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67c5fe0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"67c5fe0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629) \u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/p><p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 1:<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f A \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f A \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647, \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u00a0 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a <strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (3-a).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78c53d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"78c53d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"48\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture3-300x48.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-3243\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture3-300x48.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture3-768x123.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture3.jpg 855w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff1241c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ff1241c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 2:<\/strong> \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0638\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u00a0 \u0628\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (3-b).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdbdd87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bdbdd87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"54\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture4-300x54.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-3244\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture4-300x54.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture4-768x138.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture4.jpg 866w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3522dae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3522dae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 3:<\/strong> \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>1.2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647 n. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (4)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c988ae8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c988ae8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"53\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture5-300x53.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-3245\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture5-300x53.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture5-768x137.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture5.jpg 866w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67cf973 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"67cf973\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 (n-1) \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632) \u0648\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 (n-1) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0645\u0629, \u0648\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0645\u0629, \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 , \u062d\u064a\u062b \u00a0\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f i \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644, \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 <strong>\u00a0, <\/strong>\u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646:<\/p><p>\u03b4_i1*X1+\u03b4_i2*X2+\u22ef+\u03b4_i(i-1)\u00a0 \u3016*X\u3017_((i-1) )+\u03b4_ii*Xi+\u03b4_i(i+1)\u00a0 \u3016*X\u3017_((i+1) )+\u22ef+\u03b4_in Xn+\u03b8_ip=0<\/p><p>\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f i \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u00a0\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u00a0(\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632) \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b:<\/p><p>\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211; <strong>:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f i \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064a \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f .<\/p><p>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0 \u00a0: \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f i \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f .<\/p><p>\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0 : \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f i \u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 Li.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a58b5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a58b5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 <em>\u03b4<\/em> \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 (2)\u00a0 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 <em>\u03b8_ip<\/em> \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 (3) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/p><p><em>\u03b4_i(i-1) =\u222b_s<\/em><em>\u2592<\/em><em>\u3016<\/em><em>\u00af<\/em><em>M_i.\u25a1(\u00afM_((i-1))\/(E.I_(i-1) )).<\/em><em>\u3017<\/em><em> d_x\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u03b8_ip=\u222b_s<\/em><em>\u2592<\/em><em>\u3016<\/em><em>\u00af<\/em><em>M_i.\u25a1(M_p\/(E.I)).<\/em><em>\u3017<\/em><em> d_x<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (3)<\/p><p>\u062d\u064a\u062b : \u00af<em>M_i<\/em> : \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064a <em>Xi =1<\/em> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f <em>i<\/em>.<\/p><p>\u00af<em>M_((i-1))<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064a <em>Xi-1=1<\/em> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f (<em>i-1<\/em>).<\/p><p><em>Mp<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b.<\/p><p>\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 <em>\u03b4_in<\/em> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0646 <em>Li+1<\/em> \u0648 <em>Li<\/em> \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 (2) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p><p>\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u03b4_in \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0646 Li+1 \u0648 Li \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 (2) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p><p>\u03b4_ii=\u222b_s\u2592\u3016\u00afM_i.\u25a1(\u00afM_i\/(E.I_i )).\u3017 d_x=1\/3*(l_i\/(EI_i )+l_(i+1)\/(EI_(i+1) ))\u00a0\u00a0 ,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u03b4_i(i-1) =\u222b_s\u2592\u3016\u00afM_i.\u25a1(\u00afM_((i-1))\/(E.I_(i-1) )).\u3017 d_x=1\/6*l_i\/(EI_i )<\/p><p>\u03b4_i(i+1) =\u222b_s\u2592\u3016\u00afM_i.\u25a1(\u00afM_((i+1))\/(E.I_(i+1) )).\u3017 d_x=1\/6*l_(i+1)\/(EI_(i+1) )<\/p><p>\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u03b8_ip \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 Mp \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (5).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3415896 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3415896\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"248\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture6-300x248.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-3246\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture6-300x248.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture6.jpg 493w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c419591 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c419591\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646: Ai , Ai+1 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 Mp \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 Li+1 \u0648Li .<\/p><p>Ci , Ci+1 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 Ai+1\u00a0 \u0648Ai .<\/p><p>ai \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 Ai \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f i-1.<\/p><p>bi+1 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 Ai+1\u00a0 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f i+1.<\/p><p>yi\u00a0 ,\u00a0 yi+1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u00afM_i \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 Ai+1\u00a0 ,Ai .<\/p><p>\u0648\u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 (3) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646:<\/p><p>\u03b8_ip=\u222b_s\u2592\u3016M_i.\u25a1(M_p\/(E.I)).\u3017 d_s=A_c \u3016*Y\u3017_c*1\/EI=A_i*\u25a1(a_i\/l_i )*1\/(EI_i )+A_(i+1)*\u25a1(b_(i+1)\/l_(i+1) )*1\/(EI_(i+1) )\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (1) \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 E \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p><p>l_i\/I_i *X_(i-1)+2*(l_i\/I_i +l_(i+1)\/I_(i+1) )*X_i+l_(i+1)\/I_(i+1) *X_(i+1)=-6*[A_i\/I_i *\u25a1(a_i\/l_i )+A_(i+1)\/I_(i+1)\u00a0\u00a0 *\u25a1(b_(i+1)\/l_(i+1) )]<\/p><p>\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0646 Li+1 \u0648 Li, \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f (i-1), (I) \u0648 (i+1) \u0628\u0640\u0640A\u00a0 B, \u0648 C \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p><p>\u3016\u00a0 M\u3017_A=X_(i-1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ,\u00a0\u00a0 l_AB=l_i\u00a0\u00a0 ,\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0M_B=X_i\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 l_BC=l_(i+1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ,\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0M_C=X_(i+1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u21d2\u2534<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a56251 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7a56251\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"215\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture7-300x215.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-3247\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture7-300x215.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture7.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4a2a61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b4a2a61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M_A.l_AB\/I_AB +2.M_B (l_AB\/I_AB +l_BC\/I_BC )+M_C.l_BC\/I_BC =-6(A_AB\/I_AB .C_A\/l_AB +A_BC\/I_BC .C_C\/l_BC )\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>\u062d\u064a\u062b: &#8211; A_AB \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0650AB &#8211; C_A \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 A_AB \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f A.<\/p><p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211; A_BC \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 BC &#8211; C_C \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 A_BC \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f C.<\/p><p>\u062d\u064a\u062b A_AB \u0648A_BC \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1).<\/p><p>\u0648 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B=A_BC.C_C\/l_BC\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A=A_AB\u00a0 .C_A\/l_AB\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644:<\/p><p>M_A.l_AB\/I_AB +2.M_B (l_AB\/I_AB +l_BC\/I_BC )+M_C.l_BC\/I_BC ==-6*(A\/I_AB +B\/I_BC )\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (5)<\/p><p>\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b (\u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646). \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 A \u0648B\u00a0 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2).<\/p><p>\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a, \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f A, B, C, D, E, F \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0646 A, B, C \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644MB, MC\u00a0 \u062d\u064a\u062b MA=0 \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0646 B, C, D \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627 MB, MC, MD \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0646 C, D, E \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627MC, MD, ME\u00a0 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0646 D, E, F \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627MD, MF\u00a0 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 MF=0 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644 (\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632) \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632.<\/p><p>\u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a (&#8230;) \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-526b433 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"526b433\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/p><p>M_A.l_AB\/I_AB +2.M_B (l_AB\/I_AB +l_BC\/I_BC )+M_C.l_BC\/I_BC =-6(A_AB\/I_AB .C_A\/l_AB +A_BC\/I_BC .C_C\/l_BC )<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-060d6a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"060d6a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture9.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Picture9\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzI0OSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3dwdS5lZHUuc3lcL3dwdWFcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjRcLzA3XC9QaWN0dXJlOS5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture9-300x210.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-3249\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture9-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture9-1024x717.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture9-768x538.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture9.jpg 1088w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-129b458 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"129b458\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2): \u0642\u064a\u0645 A \u0648 B \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629:<\/p><p>M_A.l_AB\/I_AB +2.M_B (l_AB\/I_AB +l_BC\/I_BC )+M_C.l_BC\/I_BC ==-6*(A\/I_AB +B\/I_BC )<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f42a160 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f42a160\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture10.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Picture10\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzI1MCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3dwdS5lZHUuc3lcL3dwdWFcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjRcLzA3XC9QaWN0dXJlMTAuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"279\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture10-279x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-3250\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture10-279x300.jpg 279w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture10-953x1024.jpg 953w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture10-768x825.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Picture10.jpg 1064w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 279px) 100vw, 279px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90d79ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"90d79ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>(10): (p.\u03b2)\/(\u30166.l\u3017_BC^\u00a0 ) \u3016.(l\u3017_BC^2-\u03b2^2),\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (13): M\/(l_AB^2 ).[2.\u03b1^3-\u03b2^2.(3.\u03b1+\u03b2)] ,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (14): M\/(l_BC^2 ).[\u03b1^2.(3.\u03b1+\u03b2)-2.\u03b2^3]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41bad33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"41bad33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a 1 , \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 1981-1982 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/li><li>\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a 1, \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 1994-1995, \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/li><li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a 1, \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u0627, \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642.<\/li><li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646, 1981.<\/li><li>\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/li><li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629, \u0623. \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0641, \u0641. \u0643\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0641, \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631, 1980.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13276e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"13276e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b433efb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b433efb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ba9df7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1ba9df7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2923a1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a2923a1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28135b2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28135b2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae23ec4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ae23ec4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15ef352 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"15ef352\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007 \u0648 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u00a0 \u0633\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a :<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"color: #0076af;\"><a style=\"color: #0076af;\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%86\/\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0076af;\"><a style=\"color: #0076af;\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%af%d9%84%d8%a9\/\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0076af;\"><a style=\"color: #0076af;\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%a9\/\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a )<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0076af;\"><a style=\"color: #0076af;\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%a9\/\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0076af;\"><a style=\"color: #0076af;\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9\/\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #0076af;\"><a style=\"color: #0076af;\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9\/\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b540081 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b540081\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf73c37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bf73c37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629:<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cc3eb4 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"7cc3eb4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-wordpress\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M61.7 169.4l101.5 278C92.2 413 43.3 340.2 43.3 256c0-30.9 6.6-60.1 18.4-86.6zm337.9 75.9c0-26.3-9.4-44.5-17.5-58.7-10.8-17.5-20.9-32.4-20.9-49.9 0-19.6 14.8-37.8 35.7-37.8.9 0 1.8.1 2.8.2-37.9-34.7-88.3-55.9-143.7-55.9-74.3 0-139.7 38.1-177.8 95.9 5 .2 9.7.3 13.7.3 22.2 0 56.7-2.7 56.7-2.7 11.5-.7 12.8 16.2 1.4 17.5 0 0-11.5 1.3-24.3 2l77.5 230.4L249.8 247l-33.1-90.8c-11.5-.7-22.3-2-22.3-2-11.5-.7-10.1-18.2 1.3-17.5 0 0 35.1 2.7 56 2.7 22.2 0 56.7-2.7 56.7-2.7 11.5-.7 12.8 16.2 1.4 17.5 0 0-11.5 1.3-24.3 2l76.9 228.7 21.2-70.9c9-29.4 16-50.5 16-68.7zm-139.9 29.3l-63.8 185.5c19.1 5.6 39.2 8.7 60.1 8.7 24.8 0 48.5-4.3 70.6-12.1-.6-.9-1.1-1.9-1.5-2.9l-65.4-179.2zm183-120.7c.9 6.8 1.4 14 1.4 21.9 0 21.6-4 45.8-16.2 76.2l-65 187.9C426.2 403 468.7 334.5 468.7 256c0-37-9.4-71.8-26-102.1zM504 256c0 136.8-111.3 248-248 248C119.2 504 8 392.7 8 256 8 119.2 119.2 8 256 8c136.7 0 248 111.2 248 248zm-11.4 0c0-130.5-106.2-236.6-236.6-236.6C125.5 19.4 19.4 125.5 19.4 256S125.6 492.6 256 492.6c130.5 0 236.6-106.1 236.6-236.6z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/library.wpu.edu.sy\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-wordpress\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M61.7 169.4l101.5 278C92.2 413 43.3 340.2 43.3 256c0-30.9 6.6-60.1 18.4-86.6zm337.9 75.9c0-26.3-9.4-44.5-17.5-58.7-10.8-17.5-20.9-32.4-20.9-49.9 0-19.6 14.8-37.8 35.7-37.8.9 0 1.8.1 2.8.2-37.9-34.7-88.3-55.9-143.7-55.9-74.3 0-139.7 38.1-177.8 95.9 5 .2 9.7.3 13.7.3 22.2 0 56.7-2.7 56.7-2.7 11.5-.7 12.8 16.2 1.4 17.5 0 0-11.5 1.3-24.3 2l77.5 230.4L249.8 247l-33.1-90.8c-11.5-.7-22.3-2-22.3-2-11.5-.7-10.1-18.2 1.3-17.5 0 0 35.1 2.7 56 2.7 22.2 0 56.7-2.7 56.7-2.7 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class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpua\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-wordpress\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M61.7 169.4l101.5 278C92.2 413 43.3 340.2 43.3 256c0-30.9 6.6-60.1 18.4-86.6zm337.9 75.9c0-26.3-9.4-44.5-17.5-58.7-10.8-17.5-20.9-32.4-20.9-49.9 0-19.6 14.8-37.8 35.7-37.8.9 0 1.8.1 2.8.2-37.9-34.7-88.3-55.9-143.7-55.9-74.3 0-139.7 38.1-177.8 95.9 5 .2 9.7.3 13.7.3 22.2 0 56.7-2.7 56.7-2.7 11.5-.7 12.8 16.2 1.4 17.5 0 0-11.5 1.3-24.3 2l77.5 230.4L249.8 247l-33.1-90.8c-11.5-.7-22.3-2-22.3-2-11.5-.7-10.1-18.2 1.3-17.5 0 0 35.1 2.7 56 2.7 22.2 0 56.7-2.7 56.7-2.7 11.5-.7 12.8 16.2 1.4 17.5 0 0-11.5 1.3-24.3 2l76.9 228.7 21.2-70.9c9-29.4 16-50.5 16-68.7zm-139.9 29.3l-63.8 185.5c19.1 5.6 39.2 8.7 60.1 8.7 24.8 0 48.5-4.3 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