{"id":5454,"date":"2025-05-03T09:33:35","date_gmt":"2025-05-03T09:33:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/?p=5454"},"modified":"2025-06-21T10:00:26","modified_gmt":"2025-06-21T10:00:26","slug":"%d9%81%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b0-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%ad-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b7%d9%84%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%83%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/%d9%81%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b0-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%ad-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b7%d9%84%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%83%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5454\" class=\"elementor elementor-5454\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-028e5a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"028e5a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fddb69e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fddb69e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ddf3c24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ddf3c24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0640\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0640\u0627\u0635\u0640\u0640\u0629<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Student Oasis of Al-Wataniya Private University<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9608a96 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9608a96\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f59cfb7 eael_simple_menu_hamburger_disable_selected_menu_no eael-simple-menu-hamburger-align-right eael-hamburger--tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-simple-menu\" data-id=\"f59cfb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-simple-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n                        @media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {\n                            .eael-hamburger--tablet {\n                                .eael-simple-menu-horizontal,\n                                .eael-simple-menu-vertical {\n                                    display: none;\n                                }\n                            }\n                            .eael-hamburger--tablet {\n                                .eael-simple-menu-container .eael-simple-menu-toggle {\n                                    display: block;\n                                }\n                            }\n                        }\n                    <\/style>            <div data-hamburger-icon=\"&lt;svg aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-bars&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 448 512&quot; xmlns=&quot;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=&quot;M16 132h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16V76c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16C7.163 60 0 67.163 0 76v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16zm0 160h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16v-40c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16c-8.837 0-16 7.163-16 16v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16zm0 160h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16v-40c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16c-8.837 0-16 7.163-16 16v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16z&quot;&gt;&lt;\/path&gt;&lt;\/svg&gt;\" data-indicator-icon=\"&lt;svg aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 320 512&quot; xmlns=&quot;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=&quot;M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z&quot;&gt;&lt;\/path&gt;&lt;\/svg&gt;\" data-dropdown-indicator-icon=\"&lt;svg class=&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-down&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 320 512&quot; xmlns=&quot;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=&quot;M143 352.3L7 216.3c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.6-22.6c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l96.4 96.4 96.4-96.4c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-136 136c-9.2 9.4-24.4 9.4-33.8 0z&quot;&gt;&lt;\/path&gt;&lt;\/svg&gt;\" class=\"eael-simple-menu-container eael-simple-menu-align-center eael-simple-menu-dropdown-align-right preset-1\" data-hamburger-breakpoints=\"{&quot;mobile&quot;:&quot;Mobile Portrait (&gt; 767px)&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;:&quot;Tablet Portrait (&gt; 1024px)&quot;,&quot;desktop&quot;:&quot;Desktop (&gt; 2400px)&quot;,&quot;none&quot;:&quot;None&quot;}\" data-hamburger-device=\"tablet\">\n                <ul id=\"menu-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9\" class=\"eael-simple-menu eael-simple-menu-dropdown-animate-to-top eael-simple-menu-indicator eael-simple-menu-horizontal\"><li id=\"menu-item-399\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-399\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-8\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-8\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a3%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%84-%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<span role=\"button\" class=\"dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\" aria-haspopup=\"true\"><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-6689\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-6689\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a3%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%84-%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-6682\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-6682\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%B6%D9%84-%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%85-%D8%A7-6\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-90\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-90\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-10\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-10\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<span role=\"button\" class=\"dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\" aria-haspopup=\"true\"><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-115\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-115\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-116\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-116\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-14\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-12\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-12\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<span role=\"button\" class=\"dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\" aria-haspopup=\"true\"><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-219\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-219\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-220\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-220\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-284\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-284\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646<span role=\"button\" class=\"dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\" aria-haspopup=\"true\"><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-15\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-389\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-389\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-283\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-283\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/\u062d\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a-\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c-\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\/\" class=\"menu-link\">\u062d\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-4119\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4119\"><a href=\"#pll_switcher\" class=\"menu-link\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>                <button class=\"eael-simple-menu-toggle\">\n                    <span class=\"sr-only \">Hamburger Toggle Menu<\/span>\n                    <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-bars\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M16 132h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16V76c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16C7.163 60 0 67.163 0 76v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16zm0 160h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16v-40c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16c-8.837 0-16 7.163-16 16v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16zm0 160h416c8.837 0 16-7.163 16-16v-40c0-8.837-7.163-16-16-16H16c-8.837 0-16 7.163-16 16v40c0 8.837 7.163 16 16 16z\"><\/path><\/svg>                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n            \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4cb60f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e4cb60f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff6828e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ff6828e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-914b251 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"914b251\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 : \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\n<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efeca30 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"efeca30\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab208ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ab208ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 - <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6a64b8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e6a64b8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a9e3418 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a9e3418\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47484a1 elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"47484a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1740\" height=\"1772\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/mYW93wW8Iebn-Screenshot_20241126_232153_Facebook.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5457\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/mYW93wW8Iebn-Screenshot_20241126_232153_Facebook.jpg 1740w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/mYW93wW8Iebn-Screenshot_20241126_232153_Facebook-295x300.jpg 295w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/mYW93wW8Iebn-Screenshot_20241126_232153_Facebook-1006x1024.jpg 1006w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/mYW93wW8Iebn-Screenshot_20241126_232153_Facebook-768x782.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/mYW93wW8Iebn-Screenshot_20241126_232153_Facebook-1508x1536.jpg 1508w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1740px) 100vw, 1740px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\"> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 : \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8b0d04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c8b0d04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ffaa80 elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"8ffaa80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Ka9CHNe8LKvs-20241126_110006-2-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-5458\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a\n\n<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9b2657 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"f9b2657\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ddde1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3ddde1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2221630 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"2221630\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 ( \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a )<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3154985 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3154985\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/psPrbkATLqKb-\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630_\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0637\u0649_\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a_\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a_1_\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc0f039 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dc0f039\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60c33f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60c33f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f ASTM\u060c ISO\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644CRS.<\/p><p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u061f<\/strong><\/p><p>\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0641\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645. [1]<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5463 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture1000.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"226\" height=\"197\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-5464 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture2000-300x270.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"270\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture2000-300x270.png 300w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture2000.png 352w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (1) \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/p><p><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a :<\/strong><\/p><p>\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 (resin) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u0628 (hardener)\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0641<strong>. <\/strong><\/p><p>\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646. [1]<\/p><p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/li><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li><li><strong>\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a.<\/li><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. [2]<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0644\u064a[2-3-4]:<\/p><ul><li><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li><li><strong>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644:<\/strong> \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a: <\/strong>\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li><li><strong>\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/li><li><strong>\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 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\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0* \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644:<\/strong> \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p><p>\u00a0<strong>* \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a.<\/p><p>\u00a0<strong>* 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[5]<\/p><p><strong>\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0* \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649: <\/strong>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0* \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628:<\/strong> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c. [5]<\/p><p><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u061f<\/strong><\/p><p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0* \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0* \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629:<\/strong> \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p><p>\u00a0<strong>* \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0* \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641. [6]<\/p><p><strong>\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0* \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f.<\/p><p>\u00a0* \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628.<\/p><p>\u00a0* \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/p><p>\u00a0* \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645. [7]<\/p><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5465 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture3000.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"283\" height=\"225\" \/><\/p><p><strong>\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<strong>* \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p><p>\u00a0<strong>* \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639:<\/strong> \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0* \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p><p>\u00a0<strong>* \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p><p><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a:<\/p><p>\u00a0<strong>* <\/strong><strong>ASTM A767<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629. [8]<\/p><p>\u00a0<strong>* <\/strong><strong>BS EN 10244<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a. [8]<\/p><p>\u00a0<strong>* <\/strong><strong>ISO 14759<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d. [8]<\/p><p><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u061f<\/strong><\/p><p>\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0* \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630:<\/strong> \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p><p>\u00a0<strong>* \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0* \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630:<\/strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621.<\/p><p>\u00a0<strong>* \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p><p>\u00a0<strong>* \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644:<\/strong> \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0* \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a. [9]<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p><p><strong>\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f ASTM:<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5466 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture4000.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"557\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture4000.png 557w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture4000-300x181.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 557px) 100vw, 557px\" \/><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5467 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture5000.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"554\" height=\"246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture5000.png 554w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture5000-300x133.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (<\/strong><strong>1-2<\/strong><strong>) \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 <\/strong><strong>[10] ASTM<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5468 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture6000.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"419\" height=\"447\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture6000.jpg 419w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Picture6000-281x300.jpg 281w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 419px) 100vw, 419px\" \/><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (<\/strong><strong>3<\/strong><strong>) \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a<\/strong> [10]<\/p><p><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u061f<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>1-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><strong>\u062a<\/strong><strong>\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a: <\/strong>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>2-<\/strong><strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>3-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a<\/strong> <strong>:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u00a0\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>4-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629\u00a0 [11-12-. 13]\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a:<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5472 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-05-03-115433.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"502\" height=\"396\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-05-03-115433.png 502w, https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-05-03-115433-300x237.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 502px) 100vw, 502px\" \/><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (<\/strong><strong>1<\/strong><strong> )\u00a0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 <\/strong>\u00a0[10]<\/p><p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 <\/strong><strong>CRS<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0:<\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">*\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644:CRS \u00a0\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631.<\/span><\/p><table><tbody><tr><td width=\"117\"><p><strong>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629:<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"274\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 <\/strong><strong>CRS<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"117\"><p><strong>.1 <\/strong><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"274\"><p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631<\/p><\/td><td><p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d\u00a0\u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 .<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"117\"><p><strong>.2\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"274\"><p>\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0640 \u00a0BIS . (\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644)<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"117\"><p><strong>3 <\/strong><strong>. \u0627<\/strong><strong>\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"274\"><p>\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 0.1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.3 \u0645\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 .<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 .<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"117\"><p><strong>.4\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"274\"><p>\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062820% \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 .<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 .<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"117\"><p><strong>5 <\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"274\"><p>\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 .<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 .<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"117\"><p><strong>.6 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u0644<\/strong><strong>\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"274\"><p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 .<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 .<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"117\"><p><strong>.7 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"274\"><p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 .<\/p><\/td><td><p>\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 25 % \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a .<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"117\"><p><strong>.8<\/strong> <strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"274\"><p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 . [7-8-12]<\/p><\/td><td><p>\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a .<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2)<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 CRS [10-11-12]<\/p><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p><p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d08a98d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d08a98d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>[1] Forster, A. M., &amp; Forster, A. M. (<strong>2015<\/strong>). Materials testing standards for additive manufacturing of polymer materials: state of the art and standards applicability.<\/p><p>[2] Wang, X., Cao, Q., Tang, F., Pan, H., Chen, X., &amp; Lin, Z. (<strong>2023<\/strong>). Mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of dual-filler-epoxy-coated steel rebar under a corrosive environment. <em>Coatings<\/em>, <em>13<\/em>(3), 604.<\/p><p>[3] Paiva, J. M. F. D., Mayer, S., &amp; Rezende, M. C. <strong>(2006<\/strong>). Comparison of tensile strength of different carbon fabric reinforced epoxy composites. <em>Materials Research<\/em>, <em>9<\/em>, 83-90.<\/p><p>[4] Yoon Park, S., &amp; Jong Choi, W. (<strong>2021<\/strong>). Review of material test standardization status for the material qualification of laminated thermosetting composite structures. <em>Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites<\/em>, <em>40<\/em>(5-6), 235-258.<\/p><p>[5] Yan, L., Deng, W., Wang, N., Xue, X., Hua, J., &amp; Chen, Z. (<strong>2022<\/strong>). Anti-corrosion reinforcements using coating technologies\u2014A review. <em>Polymers<\/em>, <em>14<\/em>(21), 4782.<\/p><p>[6] Ou, B., Wang, Y., &amp; Lu, Y. (<strong>2021<\/strong>). A review on fundamentals and strategy of epoxy-resin-based anticorrosive coating materials. <em>Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials<\/em>, <em>60<\/em>(6), 601-625.<\/p><p>[7] P\u00e9rez-Claros, E., &amp; Andrawes, B. (<strong>2023<\/strong>). Concrete Bridge Deck Reinforced with Textured and Nontextured Epoxy-Coated Bars. <em>Journal of Bridge Engineering<\/em>, <em>28<\/em>(6), 04023023.<\/p><p>[8] Ate\u015f, E. (<strong>2009<\/strong>). Optimization of compression strength by granulometry and change of binder rates in epoxy and polyester resin concrete. <em>Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites<\/em>, <em>28<\/em>(2), 235-246<\/p><p>[9] Chopra, I., Ola, S. K., Dhayal, V., &amp; Shekhawat, D. S. (<strong>2022<\/strong>). Recent advances in epoxy coatings for corrosion protection of steel: Experimental and modelling approach-A review. <em>Materials Today: Proceedings<\/em>, <em>62<\/em>, 1658-1663.<\/p><p>[10] \u00a9 ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States.<\/p><p>[11] Pfeifer, D. W., Landgren, R., &amp; Krauss, P. (<strong>1993<\/strong>). Performance of epoxy-coated rebars: a review of CRSI research studies. <em>Transportation Research Circular: Epoxy-Coated Reinforcement in Highway Structures<\/em>, (403), 57-65.<\/p><p>[12] Manning, D. G. (<strong>1996<\/strong>). Corrosion performance of epoxy-coated reinforcing steel: North American experience. <em>Construction and Building Materials<\/em>, <em>10<\/em>(5), 349-365.<\/p><p>[13] Zemajtis, J. (<strong>1996<\/strong>). <em>Epoxy-coated reinforcement: a historical performance review<\/em> (No. VTRC 97-IR1). Virginia Transportation Research Council (VTRC).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88c6f07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-social-share\" data-id=\"88c6f07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-social-share.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >\t\t<ul class=\"ekit_socialshare\">\n                            <li class=\"elementor-repeater-item-7954b34\" data-social=\"facebook\">\n                    <div class=\"facebook\">\n                        \n                        <i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"icon icon-facebook\"><\/i>                        \n                                                                                                \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643                                                                                            <\/div>\n                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e-child\" data-id=\"d33f939\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfa799b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dfa799b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a2bd50 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8a2bd50\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98a3979 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"98a3979\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f5e6cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7f5e6cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1412fbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1412fbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007 \u0648 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u00a0 \u0633\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a :<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%86\/\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%af%d9%84%d8%a9\/\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%a9\/\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a )<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%a9\/\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9\/\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9\/\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a9a0e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4a9a0e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-593cf80 elementor-widget 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5454","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5454"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5454\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6613,"href":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5454\/revisions\/6613"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5491"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5454"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5454"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpu.edu.sy\/wpus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5454"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}