The objective of the study was to clarify the relationship between the water characteristics of Rastan Lake, Syria, and the optimal dose of alum dose required to reduce the Nickel concentration. A series of experiments were conducted under different seasonal conditions with the objective of determining the impact of the water characteristics on the efficiency of the coagulation process. The lake water was subjected to a series of treatments, including coagulation, sedimentation and filtration. Turbidity levels varied between 15 and 180 NTU, with the Nickel removal percentage varying from 75% at 15 NTU turbidity to 88% at 180 NTU turbidity. Additionally, the impact of varying the coagulant dose in response to the pH of the raw water, which was within the range of (6.5 – 8.5), was investigated. The results demonstrated that the Nickel removal percentage was 72% at pH=6.5 and 56% at pH=8.5. Furthermore, the impact of varying the coagulant dose at temperatures between 5 and 25 ℃ on the reduction of Nickel concentration was examined. The Nickel removal percentage was 72% at 5°C and 83% at 25°C, both at a coagulant dose of 25 mg/L. Finally, a gene expression model was constructed based on the experimental results. This model demonstrated satisfactory performance, with an RMSE of 2.5 mg/L and an R-squared value of 0.96.